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Life’s Chain of Causation

Entropy → fear → need → action (i.e., negentropy) → life meaning → “happiness”
(Note: → = gives rise to, begets, causes,)

This bottom-up chain-of-causation applies to all living things. Undoubtedly, this chain is easily misunderstood because of the imprecise ways words are interpreted. The synonym-like parallel meanings below help improve understanding.

Entropy ≈ equilibrium, dead, stable, orderless, information maximally uncertain (knowledge is minimal because all accessible microstates are equally probable). Entropy is the potential for information, while information is the reduction of that entropy when an event like life occurs (1).

Fear ≈ this is “systemic instability” at the molecular level and “fear” at the conscious level, which manifests itself as insecurity, anxiety, worry, concern, unease,

Need ≈ desire, want, wish, expectation, crave, lust,

Action (negentropy) ≈ movement, hunt & gather, plan, pursue, practice, play, progress, walk & run, think & talk. Such negentropy (or negative entropy) is a localized process that creates or maintains order, organization, and structure. It is a measure of the amount of information or free energy that lessens uncertainty and creates complexity. Note: Darwinian evolution through natural selection (2) kicks in here through DNA mutations and the subsequent actions taken by individuals that affect survival.

Life meaning ≈ significance, importance, purpose, raison d’être,

Happiness ≈ contentment, success, accomplishment, purposefully utilizing information to resist entropy. In other words, life uses information (like DNA, cellular signals, and repair systems) to create and maintain local order by consuming energy and exporting waste.

Here is an AI condensed version of this chain:

Stage Scientific State Subjective Experience
Entropy Equilibrium / Decay The “Void” / Lack of structure
Fear Systemic Instability Anxiety / Unease / Insecurity
Need Gradient Requirement Desire / Hunger / Purpose
Action Negentropy (Work) Pursuit / Movement / Creation
Meaning Complexity / Order Significance / “Flow”
Happiness Maintenance of Low Entropy Contentment / Success

The Origin of Life

Whether or not this chain-of-causation theory feels plausible, the deeper question remains: Why on earth did certain molecules ( proto-RNAs) create local pockets of temporary order, drawing in energy from their surroundings, and thus temporarily “surviving” entropy? In my admittedly naïve view, I see maintaining dynamic balance is an inherent characteristic of nature. Life is the Yang to entropy’s Yin; life is the other side of entropy’s coin. In other words, Yin’s “perfect” balance requires Yang’s imbalance to keep reality rolling along— Yang counterbalances Yin; imbalance counterbalances balance; imperfection counterbalances perfection: life counterbalances entropy; diversity counterbalances homogeneity; complexity counterbalances simplicity, and so on.

A tangential, albeit scientific, theory has been put forward by Jeremy England (see below) suggesting that life itself is an emergent properties of matter driven by the universal tendency of energy to disperse more efficiently over time, and certainly, efficiency is a core characteristic of nature. Whether life is simply the Yang to entropy’s Yin, or an inevitable emergent property of matter to efficiently disperse energy more efficiently doesn’t really matter. Either way, life appears inevitable when conditions are favorable for its emergence (3). 

Now back to the chain-of-causation theory at hand…

This chain-of-causation theory is practical as it potentially offers a way to look inward, explore, and get a deeper understanding of what makes us (and life in general) tick. For starters, take any action (physical, emotional, or mental) you experience and determine the need that causes it. Then take that need and see if you can detect the fear (worry, insecurity, unease, etc.) from which that need arises.

If this is a bit too murky, try taking a simple action like raising a cup of water to your mouth. Then imagine what it would feel like not being able to do that simple task. That would evoke a certain level of insecurity, regret, frustration, etc. This implies that you feel a need to have the freedom to move–raise the cup to your mouth. Beneath that need is the fear (insecurity) of not being able to have the freedom / ability to do that.

(1) Living organisms are open systems driven far from equilibrium by a constant influx of energy and matter from their environment. Life maintains its highly ordered state by continuously dissipating free energy and expelling the produced entropy into their surroundings. This concept is attributed to Nobel laureate Erwin Schrödinger’s What Is Life? , later developed by Ilya Prigogine, and more recently by Jeremy England.
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Erwin Schrödinger: In his influential 1944 book What Is Life?, Schrödinger proposed that living organisms “feed upon negative entropy,” or negentropy, by extracting order from their environment to maintain their own highly organized state. He identified the physical carrier of heredity as an “aperiodic crystal” (later understood as DNA), a complex, non-repeating structure that stores information. His work inspired the view of life as a system that temporarily delays decay into thermodynamic equilibrium.
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Ilya Prigogine: A Nobel laureate, Prigogine developed the theory of dissipative structures, which explains how complex, ordered systems (like living organisms or cities) can emerge spontaneously and be maintained in far-from-equilibrium conditions by continuously exchanging energy and matter with their environment. This framework provides the physical mechanism for how life’s local order (negentropy) is compatible with the second law of thermodynamics (global entropy increase).
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Jeremy England: England proposed a more recent theory of dissipative adaptation, suggesting that self-replication and life itself are emergent properties of matter driven by the universal tendency of energy to disperse or spread out more efficiently over time. His work frames the origin and evolution of life not as a battle against entropy, but as an exploitation of the second law—matter self-organizes into structures that are better at dissipating energy (producing entropy) into their surroundings. 
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 (2) Darwinian evolution by natural selection works through DNA mutations creating variation, where advantageous traits enhance an individual’s survival and reproduction (fitness), leading to those traits becoming more common in the population over generations, as less fit individuals die off or leave fewer offspring, changing the gene pool. It’s a process of “descent with modification” driven by environmental pressures selecting for heritable traits that improve success.
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(3) Here’s an interesting twist: The geometric mean between the smallest and largest physical scales know is remarkably close to the size of a living biological cell, which ranges from about 10 to 100 micrometers. In particular:

The smallest is the Planck length (1.6×10−35 meters) which is astronomically smaller than an atom, i.e., an atom is around a hundred quadrillion times larger. Conversely, the largest is Hubble Radius: About 14.4 billion light-years (approx. 1.3× 1026 meters)… roughly 84 quintillion miles (8.4 x 1022 miles or 1.3×1026 meters).

Does this suggest that complex life necessarily emerges at a scale that balances the extremes of quantum gravity and cosmic expansion, or is it all just a freaky coincidence? The mystery continues…

Nov 27, 2025 by Carl Abbott
Filed Under: Occam's razor

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